| 摘要: |
| 神经病理性疼痛是由躯体感觉神经系统损伤或疾病引起的一类慢性疼痛，临床表现为自发性疼痛、痛觉过敏和异常性疼痛，常规药物治疗常存在疗效不足与副作用较多等问题。针刺作为传统中医疗法，在神经病理性疼痛治疗中展现出良好的疗效与安全性，但其具体作用机制尚未完全阐明。文章通过综述近年来针刺治疗神经病理性疼痛的相关研究，从表观遗传调控、神经递质系统、免疫炎症反应、神经可塑性与修复，以及信号通路调控等多个层面，系统梳理针刺镇痛的机制，以期为临床推广应用提供理论依据，并为后续深入研究指明方向。 |
| 关键词: 针刺 神经病理性疼痛 镇痛机制 表观遗传 神经免疫 神经可塑性 |
| DOI：10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2026.10.16 |
| 分类号:R245.31 |
| 基金项目:天津市卫生健康委中医中西医结合科研项目（2025071）；天津中医药大学第二附属医院“薪火相传计划”后备人才项目；天津中医药大学第二附属医院引进博士人才培养项目。 |
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| Research progress on the mechanisms of acupuncture in treating neuropathic pain |
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LI Junjie1, ZHAO Zhiheng2, SHAO Changjun1, XU Mingjie1
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1.Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;2.Encephalopathy Acupuncture Center, Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China
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| Abstract: |
| Neuropathic pain（NP）refers to a type of chronic pain resulting from injury or disease affecting the somatosensory nervous system. Clinically，it manifests as spontaneous pain，hyperalgesia，and allodynia. Conventional pharmacological treatments often exhibit limited efficacy and are associated with various side effects. As a traditional Chinese therapy，acupuncture demonstrates promising efficacy and safety in alleviating NP. However，its underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. By reviewing recent experimental studies on acupuncture for NP，this article systematically summarizes the potential mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia from multiple perspectives，including epigenetic regulation，neurotransmitter systems，immune-inflammatory responses，neural plasticity and repair，and signal pathway modulation. The aim is to provide a theoretical foundation for its clinical promotion and to suggest directions for future in-depth research. |
| Key words: acupuncture neuropathic pain analgesic mechanism epigenetic neuroimmune neuroplasticity |
