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| 中药多糖口服纳米递送系统的构建及应用研究进展 |
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李净百1,2, 高若睫1,2, 张瀛2,3, 刘志东1,2
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1.天津中医药大学中药学院, 天津 301617;2.天津中医药大学现代中药发现与制剂技术教育部工程研究中心, 天津 301617;3.天津中医药大学中医药研究院, 天津 301617
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| 摘要: |
| 口服纳米递送系统在胃肠道中面临黏液屏障清除、上皮摄取率低及缺乏靶向性等核心限制。中药多糖是中药重要的活性成分之一，凭借其独特的分子结构和生物特性，为解决传统纳米载体的局限性提供了理想方案。文章总结了中药多糖作为活性药物和功能辅料的双重作用，并重点阐述其赋能口服纳米载体的关键机制：黏膜黏附、受体介导的内吞、肠道屏障的生物学修复、免疫调节与淋巴靶向的协同。同时总结了肉苁蓉多糖、黄芪多糖和香菇多糖等中药多糖在口服纳米制剂中的应用进展。未来研究必须聚焦于开发精准多糖功能片段、阐明其构效关系、并构建多功能智能递送系统，以期为该领域的临床转化提供理论支持。 |
| 关键词: 中药多糖 口服给药 纳米递送系统 生物利用度 靶向性 |
| DOI：10.11656/j.issn.1672-1519.2026.09.17 |
| 分类号:R283.6 |
| 基金项目:天津市教育委员会科研计划项目（2024ZD003，2023KJ136）。 |
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| Research progress in construction and application of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharide-based oral nanodelivery systems |
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LI Jingbai1,2, GAO Ruojie1,2, ZHANG Ying2,3, LIU Zhidong1,2
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1.School of Chinese Meateria Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;2.Modern Traditional Chinese Medicine Discovery and Formulation Technology Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China;3.Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
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| Abstract: |
| Oral nanodelivery systems encounter significant barriers in the gastrointestinal tract，notably rapid clearance by the mucus layer，poor epithelial cellular uptake，and a lack of specific targeting capabilities. Traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides （TCMPS），a class of crucial active components in herbal medicine，offer an ideal strategy to circumvent these limitations owing to their unique molecular architectures and inherent biological properties. This review comprehensively summarizes the drug-excipient integration strategy of TCMPS，highlighting their dual roles as both active therapeutics and functional excipients. We systematically elaborate on the key mechanisms by which TCMPS potentiate oral nanocarriers：mucoadhesion，receptor-mediated endocytosis， biological repair of the intestinal barrier，and synergistic immunomodulation coupled with lymphatic targeting. Furthermore，we highlight recent advances in the application of representative TCMPS，such as those derived from Cistanche deserticola，Astragalus membranaceus，and Lentinus edodes，in oral nanoformulations. Future research should prioritize the development of precise functional polysaccharide fragments，the elucidation of their structure- activity relationships，and the construction of multifunctional，intelligent delivery platforms to facilitate the clinical translation of TCMPS-based therapeutics. |
| Key words: traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides oral administration nanodelivery systems bioavailability targeting |
